Capacitors include tantalum electrolytic capacitors, used mainly in military and aerospace applications. They store well and offer long life, small size, high capacitance, low leakage current and high reliability, but tantalum is a rare material, so output is small, unit prices are high, and the capacitors are polarised.
Aluminium electrolytic capacitors are used in automotive, industrial and consumer electronics. They offer high capacitance, low cost and a wide voltage range, but are sensitive to temperature and have poor high-frequency characteristics.
Ceramic capacitors are a good choice for high-voltage, miniaturised circuits: they are small, with low dielectric loss, relatively low prices and good high-frequency characteristics.
Film capacitors, suited to new energy and lighting: low loss, low impedance, high voltage withstand, good high-frequency behaviour, but poor heat resistance and large size that is hard to miniaturise.
